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Heritage Report Warns U.S. Not Ready for EMP Attack
Written By : Jane Jamison

The threat of an EMP (electro-magnetic pulse) attack on the country is something the United States is not prepared for, according to a recent report by two national experts for  the Heritage Foundation.

It is important to know that EMP destruction of systems and service could occur not just through a planned attack by another country, but also from the sun, in which case the devastation would be world-wide.  More on that below.

EMP caused by attack from another country

The Chinese military has been warning since before the 9/11 attack that it was developing methods to shut down communications and the power grid using EMP. (see report to Congress on Chinese military 2010) (see Heritage report 2010 on what was UNSAID in the report)

See also: World Net Daily: “Report warns Obama about “New Dark Ages”

Here are some of the potential, devastating impacts of  EMP on the country:

Lights-Out Fall-Out. 

An EMP attack on the country would first and foremost, knock out the power grid, with an inevitable “ripple” effect through substations nationwide.   The report looks to the 1977 blackout in New York City, which lasted only one day:

The blackout in New York City resulted in an immediate breakdown of the social order. The police were outmatched and had no chance of stopping such massive theft, largely having no choice but to stand by watching the looters from a distance. In North Brooklyn, a community of more than a million residents, only 189 police officers were on duty.[14] The New York Police Department was completely overwhelmed in its efforts to preserve order. The social order degenerated so quickly that Time magazine called it a “Night of Terror.”[15]

There were many of explanations for the sudden violence in the aftermath of the blackout, with justifications ranging from racial animosities to culture, even to weather, but the simple fact is that during disaster, “‘under stress’ or ‘exceptional circumstances,’ the poor saw ‘no reason to play by the rules.’”[16] This astounding amount of violence occurred in the course of a single day. After an EMP attack, cities will likely lose power for weeks and months, and the National Guard cannot occupy every major city.”

Losing Infrastructure.

The effects of EMP will immediately disable a portion of the 130 million cars and some 90 million trucks. Since millions of vehicles are on the road at any given time, there will be accidents and congestion that will impede movement, particularly in large metropolitan areas. Stoplights and train crossing signals will shut down or malfunction.

Since many trains rely on electricity, they would be severely impacted.  Tracking systems for airplanes in flight would be knocked out.  The report says many planes themselves could literally fall from the air because their controls  would be fried.  Boats at sea would suffer similar communication breakdowns, cranes at loading docks which rely heavily on computers and  sensors would be unable to operate. 

The nation’s food supply would be impacted due to loss of refrigeration and breakdown of warehousing subsystems. 

Delivering Assistance.

The U.S. communications infrastructure will suffer severe disruption in an EMP assault. The crucial role that telecommunication plays in the health and well-being of modern society cannot be overstated.

The Heritage report says fiber optic cable is resistant to EMP attack so facilities with fiber are more likely to survive.  However, the burden on the remaining  communications network during a national emergency would likely overwhelm the surviving equipment.

What to do?

Recent disasters suggest an important to-do list for handling EMP threats:

  • Prevent the threat. Regardless of the mitigation and response measures, a massive EMP impact could have a devastating impact on the United States. Washington must pursue an aggressive protect-and-defend strategy, including comprehensive missile defense; modernizing the U.S. nuclear deterrent; and adopting proactive nonproliferation and counterproliferation measures, both unilaterally and in partnership with allies.
  • Provide resilience. Measures must be adopted to ensure the resilience of the U.S.–Canadian electrical grid and telecommunications systems, including developing limited redundancy and identifying means for the timely replacement of essential damaged parts or their rapid substitution.
  • Plan for the unthinkable. The U.S. must have robust pre-disaster planning—with practical exercises that include top officials who rehearse a wide variety of contingency scenarios—that integrates federal, state, local, private-sector, non-governmental organizations, and international support.
  • Protect the capacity to communicate. The U.S. must have the means to establish assured emergency broadcast as well as interactive communications both within the U.S. and across the globe. An EMP strike can easily obliterate America’s electrical, telecommunications, transportation, financial, food, and water infrastructures, rendering the United States helpless to coordinate actions and deliver services essential for daily life. In the words of Arizona Senator Jon Kyl, EMP “is one of only a few ways that the United States could be defeated by its enemies.”[48] The time to prepare is now.  

EMP caused by solar “flare” or coroneal mass ejection

Anthony Watts’ WattsUpWithThat website carried this frightening post on the subject of a solar flare causing an EMP attack last year: “ Compared to the sun’s energy, we are a fly speck on an elephant’s butt.”

“When the ejection reaches the Earth as an ICME (Interplanetary CME), it may disrupt the Earth’s magnetosphere, compressing it on the day side and extending the night-side tail. When the magnetosphere reconnects on the nightside, it creates trillions of watts of power which is directed back toward the Earth’s upper atmosphere. This process can cause particularly strong aurora also known as the Northern Lights, or aurora borealis (in the Northern Hemisphere), and the Southern Lights, or aurora australis (in the Southern Hemisphere). CME events, along with solar flares, can disrupt radio transmissions, cause power outages (blackouts), and cause damage to satellites and electrical transmission lines.

Bye bye modern society. While the sun is quiet now, don’t discount the potential for something like this to happen. The likelihood of such an event is far greater than that of an asteroid strike. If it does happen, the only electronics likely to be working afterward are  tube radios, and a 57 Chevy or earlier  automobile. (no electronics, just electromechanical). “ 

The last known solar flare of any magnitude to affect earth was the so-called “Carrington Event” in 1859.   Recognizing, of course, that there was very little high-tech equipment available to be destroyed in those days, the impact was still quite devastating even then.

English astronomer Richard Carrington happened to see the bright white flashes coming from the sun through his telescope.  

NASA.gov via Royal Astronomical Society:

Just before dawn the next day, skies all over planet Earth erupted in red, green, and purple auroras so brilliant that newspapers could be read as easily as in daylight. Indeed, stunning auroras pulsated even at near tropical latitudes over Cuba, the Bahamas, Jamaica, El Salvador, and Hawaii.

Even more disconcerting, telegraph systems worldwide went haywire. Spark discharges shocked telegraph operators and set the telegraph paper on fire. Even when telegraphers disconnected the batteries powering the lines, aurora-induced electric currents in the wires still allowed messages to be transmitted.

“What Carrington saw was a white-light solar flare—a magnetic explosion on the sun,” explains David Hathaway, solar physics team lead at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.  

Space weather.com noted solar flares of some size this summer and fall and has registered more this weekend:

A gust of solar wind hit Earth’s magnetic field on Saturday, Nov. 27th, sparking a brief but intense geomagnetic storm around the Arctic Circle. Onlookers described “an explosion of Northern Lights” and a “huge outburst of auroras” that turned the heavens vivid green. One day later, the sky was still glowing, as shown in this Sunday night snapshot from Kvaløya, an island near Tromsø, Norway.”

Photo by Frank Olsen via SpaceWeather.com

Cross-posted at UNCOVERAGE.net 

0
  • Spikey

    Thank you for the info that reminds me:

    Things to check today:
    1. Bullets, so I’m able to protect and feed my neighbors and my family in the event of an EMP event.
    2. Charcoal, got to be able grill those deer and other tasty animals that I’m gonna get in the forest. The forest backs up my property – there are 16 deer within 1/4 mile.
    3. Wood / Ax, it will get cold, but my wood burning stove is up to the task and the forest is right here.
    4. Matches, they will always come in handy.
    5. Water, there is a river in the forest – water no problem but need big metal bucket for transport and boiling needs.

    I’m good to go – Just need a few more boxes of bullets, metal bucket or 2 and a few packs of matches.

    • Good Ol Boy

      Don’t forget to add a oil-fuled lantern and a few bottles of lamp oil to your list. Other than that, it sounds like you’re good to go.

      • Spikey

        Thanks, Noted

    • Anikitos

      I would add cans of tuna and toilet paper, also, don’t forget to prepare bits of human flesh in case of zombie apocalypse.

    • Anikitos

      I would add cans of tuna and toilet paper, also, don’t forget to prepare bits of human flesh in case of zombie apocalypse.

      • Spikey

        Not to worry I have toilet paper, cans of tuna fish and soups

        For Zombies attacks: I use Doonesbury cartoon clippings, and old copies of the San Francisco Chronicle, New York Times, Los Angeles Times and Boston Globe – you know the things all zombies (oops) democrats eat up.

        But if they still get through (which I seriously doubt) item #1 from above solves the remaining problems.

        • Anikitos

          Sounds like a great plan there. You go ahead continue hoarding, oops I mean living your life in a bunker. Keep all your porno mags, looks like you need them.

          • Anonymous

            hoarding.

            So, not being content with how much money someone is allowed to keep, you liberals now wan to dictate how they spend it.

            Hitler would be so proud of you.

          • Anikitos

            I did not say to NOT hoard, please do. Accumulate. But, I doubt Hitler would be proud of a liberal with Jewish ancestry. But I am sure he’d be proud of xenophobic, homophobic dick.

          • Anonymous

            ok grasshopper we ants will be prepared and watch as you slowly starve or succumb to the mobs that are sure to follow a nationwide blackout.

          • Anikitos

            if that’s what gets you through the day…

    • Anonymous

      Don’t forget your copy of that Audacity of Hope.

      Just because it’s the apocalypse doesn’t mean you can’t have a laugh or two.

      Also works as TP when needed.

  • D-Vega

    Of course we aren’t prepared, you don’t need any expert to tell you that.

    But I would add one positive correction, there was a blackout in 2003 that knocked out the whole Northeast, and there wasn’t mass hysteria or carange. It was pretty tame actually.

    • http://www.patriotpost.com bthewolf

      Hell I doubt any country is prepared for EMP, very little of our tech is solid enough for.

      That blackout was temporary and small scale. EMP would be all electronics/electrical equipment right down to the pump that moves the gas at your local station. Anything that runs on a electric current will be effected to some extent. At least in the blackout flashlights, cell phones, and generators still worked, that won’t be the case after EMP.

    • Anonymous

      But I would add one positive correction, there was a blackout in 2003 that knocked out the whole Northeast

      …For a day or two. An EMP would knock the power out permanently, possibly on a national level.

    • Anonymous

      Blackout =! EMP.

      For instance: when your power is out does your car still work, how about your cell phone? So do radios and generators and for that matter anything you hook a generator to.

      I’m not saying we should all panic about this, or that Obama is the worst president ever because he hasn’t done more on this front, but it is a false analogy.

      • Guest

        How do you know what has been done or not on this front by our government? Just because wiki leaks hasn’t released it yet, doesn’t mean we haven’t been pursuing this avenue. I also don’t agree that you need a vehicle that was built prior to 1956. What was the basis for this statement? What happened in 1957 that would make the vehicle no longer work? Prior to 1985 Mercedes diesels did not have a computer, and are basically all mechanical. They have a battery and a starter, but what would an EMP do to the starting system that could not be easily fixed?

        • Anonymous

          we know that the government -by their own admission- has not hardened any electronics on dams, waterworks, nuclear powerstations, etc; We know that Obama is against missile defense; we know that Obama doesn’t take rogue regimes at their word when they say they want us dead and will use any means necessary to attain that end; we know that Iran is trying and N.Korea has succeeded in developing nukes and deployment mechanisms; we know that the Iranians have worked to convert container ships into deployment platforms capable of launching nukes and we know or should know that all of our emergency services are completely inadequate in the face of such a threat.

          Regardless of what year cars were made all would be next to worthless as we couldn’t even pump gas into them if the grid is fried.

          • Guest

            My diesels get 27 mpg on vegetable oil, and the last I checked, you can get that off your grocer’s shelves. The major cities are the ones that will catch it. Those of us in rural areas will be much better off in the event of an attack. Are there any sites that you recommend that address these types of issues? Sites that allow discussion.

          • http://www.cavalierx.com CavalierX

            “My diesels get 27 mpg on vegetable oil, and the last I checked, you can get that off your grocer’s shelves.”

            Good luck getting anything off your grocer’s shelves two hours after an EMP burst. If there’s anything edible or useful left, you’ll have to push through a mob of people to get it. Better hope the grocer is accepting your cash, since your credit card is dead (he might need something to burn or wipe his ass with). Unless you plan on just looting the store, of course. If you live in a rural area, or any area of America for that matter, I suggest you learn the old art of canning very quickly. This site might help:
            http://www.uga.edu/nchfp/how/can_home.html

          • Guest

            My diesels get 27 mpg on vegetable oil, and the last I checked, you can get that off your grocer’s shelves. The major cities are the ones that will catch it. Those of us in rural areas will be much better off in the event of an attack. Are there any sites that you recommend that address these types of issues? Sites that allow discussion.

      • Anonymous

        We shouldn’t panic, but we certainly should prepare for the worst eventuality! Duck and cover drills were run with children during the cold war not because the government wanted to instill fear, but rather to be prepared for the worst.

  • http://conservativebootcamp.com Martin Hale

    Well, let’s put this in perspective. We’ve never been particularly ready for an EMP event. At the height of the Cold War, it was only the military and a few government agencies and the odd private company which even had any partial readiness to deal with EMP. And this was in the days when a majority of the communication equipment in use was still based on tubes, which theoretically are much more resistant to sudden power spikes than solid state equipment is. Solid state devices have the bad habit of turning into bricks when a certain voltage is reached – even if it’s only for a hundred micro-seconds.

    I remember this was a hot topic amongst the ham radio crowd in the late ’60′s and up through the SDI era. I knew a couple of operators who’d lined their radio rooms with metal mesh cloth soldered at the corners to create a Faraday cage. I knew some others who had spare (read: old) equipment which they kept in a smaller Faraday cage for emergency use. And I knew a lot more who had disconnecting devices to physically uncouple their antennas from their gear.

    The latter were actually pretty common – having a 40 to 100-foot steel tower with a large aluminum antenna sitting atop it is a significant risk during electrical storms and so most hams disconnected their antenna leads when they weren’t using their gear. Unless of course you liked having that expensive equipment fried by a rogue lightening strike.

    Ahh, the smell of flash-burned circuitry and circuit boards in the morning.

    • Voice in the Dark

      Thanks for putting it in perspective, Martin. This was Olds, not News. But I’m sure it’s Mr. Obama’s fault.

      • Anonymous

        If Obama continues do allow Iran to research nukes it will be Obama’s fault.
        If Obama continues to stall and short shrift R&D on missile defense it will be Obama’s fault
        If Obama fails to do everything possible to prevent, avert or deter an attack and it happens on his watch; it is ultimately his responsibility. The buck stops at the President…Awful power and horrible responsibility.

        • Guest

          Are you sure it is his fault or can he blame it on Clinton like the Bush Administration did?

      • Anonymous

        Saying the danger has always been there is not “perspective”. If you’re standing at the edge of a 1000ft cliff without realizing it and someone comes along and tells you that you’re standing at the edge of a 1000ft cliff, has that person given you “perspective”? No, they’ve simply made you aware of a clear and present danger which you were previously unaware of.

        Neither is this “old news” because until recently there was no serious danger of our infrastructure being wiped out by an EMP weapon because A) EMP weapons did not exist, B) nations willing to wage war with EMP weapons did not exist, and C) most of the stuff that would be damaged by an EMP (i.e. microchips and digital technology) was not invented or widely available until recently.

        • http://conservativebootcamp.com Martin Hale

          Saying the danger has always been there is not “perspective”. If you’re standing at the edge of a 1000ft cliff without realizing it and someone comes along and tells you that you’re standing at the edge of a 1000ft cliff, has that person given you “perspective”? No, they’ve simply made you aware of a clear and present danger which you were previously unaware of.

          Sam, the perspective to which I referred is that of time vis á vis the issue of EMP. I’m sure that I’m quite a bit older than you are, and I’ve been both witness to and interested in our EMP preparedness level for a lot longer than you probably have. I can clearly recall EMP and it’s physical/social ramifications being discussed in the popular press from the early ’60′s on. I can also recall there being discussions of our lack of preparedness to cope with the effect of EMP following a nuclear attack in the same time frame. So now, here in 2010, some group is raising the concern again. It is old news in that it’s been raised before by other groups. And that’s the perspective I wanted to share.

          What’s also old news is our relative unpreparedness to cope with the impact of EMP on our public infrastructure – specifically the power grid, the telephone system and city water/sewer systems. Granted, that has been made far worse by our modern dependence on electronics in our daily lives. But the basic problem has always existed and we damn well knew about it from the early days.

          I also used the word perspective because at one time in our history, we had a much greater commitment to hardening our government, civil defence and military command and control infrastructures against EMP. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, we veered away from such hardening because it’s expensive, physically cumbersome and operationally difficult. With the breakup of the Soviet Union, it was seen as largely unnecessary by the leaders of the time. Too bad that was the about the same point in time at which we dived headlong into being a truly high-tech society and military, increasingly dependent on fragile solid-state electronics.

          But the fact is that there have been people sounding the clarion call about this issue ever since the 60′s, at least that I can recall. In that regard, this report is neither novel in its content nor unusual in its publication. Put in perspective, this is another in a long line of reports issued by various groups about our vulnerability to EMP, with respect to public, government and military infrastructure.

          Neither is this “old news” because until recently there was no serious danger of our infrastructure being wiped out by an EMP weapon because A) EMP weapons did not exist…

          Sorry Sam, but the point you’re making here is just bunkum. EMP is a natural consequence of any nuclear or thermonuclear explosion. It’s a matter of basic particle physics and it’s been around and known about since 16 July, 1945. You don’t need a EMP bomb to produce an EMP event. In fact, early government and military leaders were counting on the EMP effect to make it impossible for an enemy nation to respond to even a limited nuclear strike. And since the days of Hiroshima, military strategists understood that detonating nuclear devices in the air amplified the degree of physical damage it caused, thus the air burst has been a key ingredient in our nuclear strategy. I believe that Fat Boy was set to detonate at about 1500 ft altitude. As the elevation of the blast increases, the line-of-sight to the horizon (and therefore the effective EMP radius) increases. It was only a matter of time until some bright boffin put two and two together, eh?

          What hadn’t been “invented” in the early days of the nuclear age was the strategy of using a nuclear device only for its EMP capabilities. IIRC, it was a high-altitude test of an air burst over the middle of the Pacific sometime in the later ’60′s that serendipitously fried some civilian electronics in Hawaii, which opened the door to thinking about using nuclear/thermonuclear devices solely for their EMP “value”. But clearly, by the early ’70′s onward our nuclear strategy always included a few high altitude air bursts to ensure that the juicy EMP goodness would reach all corners of the USSR.

          B) nations willing to wage war with EMP weapons did not exist…

          Really? From the things I’ve read, the Soviets were counting on using the relatively “advanced” US civilian reliance on electricity as a military vulnerability back from the early days of their nuclear strategy under Mr. Stalin. That tells me that they understood the military ramifications of EMP, among other things. That position was later reflected in Mr. Kruschev’s “we will bury you” speech. And most experts of the time seemed to be of the opinion that a limited nuclear war with massive and widespread EMP was far more likely than the full-on mutually assured destruction scenario.

          C) most of the stuff that would be damaged by an EMP (i.e. microchips and digital technology) was not invented or widely available until recently.

          Yes, the world has become increasingly dependent on solid-state electronics in the 50-odd years since the nuclear warfare age began. Which is a point I made in my original comment.

          However, what hasn’t changed in the least is that we have hundreds of thousands of miles of unprotected electrical and telephone cables mounted in the air over the breadth of our nation. In the case of either an EMP attack (or a sufficiently large coronal mass ejection strike for all you science buffs out there), all that cable will serve admirably as an antenna into which a massive spike of voltage will be induced. Anything physically connected to either grid will be subjected to a massive jolt of voltage. Voltage high enough to hop right past an On/Off switch. Voltage high enough to burn circuit boards regardless of whether those boards hold vacuum tubes or integrated circuits.

          What hasn’t changed is that most automobile’s electrical systems will be fried by an EMP event and won’t work. For non-diesel engines, it matters little about the sophistication level of the automobile if you can’t deliver a spark to the spark plug.

          What hasn’t changed is that our existing means of mass communication whether it’s terrestrial-based or space-based will be utterly destroyed by an EMP event.

          Our infrastructure was in grave danger back in the 1960′s and we knew about it, just as it is today and we still know about it.

          • Anonymous

            My question is: Would we be able to figure out who did it to us and retaliate in kind?

          • http://conservativebootcamp.com Martin Hale

            Good question, Sim. The short answer is that I’m not sure.

            On the one hand, the list of nations with both nuclear capability and ICBM’s is pretty short. But then there are the smaller nuclear players, like North Korea, Iran, Pakistan, and even India who possess both nuclear weapons tech and a delivery system capable of delivering an EMP strike from a ship-based launch from the Pacific, the Atlantic or the Gulf.

            What I suspect is that we’d eventually figure out who did it, but our responce would not be immediate.

  • Anonymous

    The other nations in the world should take comfort in knowing that the USA, under Hussien Obama, will not EMP attack them also.

  • Anonymous

    The other nations in the world should take comfort in knowing that the USA, under Hussien Obama, will not EMP attack them also.

  • http://www.wordaroundthenet.com Christopher Taylor

    I’m not really sure what it would take to be ready for an EMP attack, to be honest.

    • http://www.cavalierx.com CavalierX

      “I’m not really sure what it would take to be ready for an EMP attack, to be honest. ”

      You’d need the ability to survive if every electronic device (basically, anything designed after 1950) suddenly stopped working, there was no electricity or phones, the roads were clogged with useless hunks of metal and plastic, and you were surrounded by starving refugees with no useful skills.

      • http://www.wordaroundthenet.com Christopher Taylor

        Pretty much, yeah. I mean, there’s no real defense against it; you just have to be able to live without that power for a few days at least.

        • http://www.cavalierx.com CavalierX

          “you just have to be able to live without that power for a few days at least”

          Not days, my friend: years. Possibly the rest of your life. An electromagnetic pulse will not just shut the generators down; it will fuse the circuits and melt the motors. Every affected power station will have to have its gigantic, house-sized generators replaced. And the machines that make the parts? Well, they’re fused, too. But without power to run them, that doesn’t matter much. In the end, we’d have to have complete replacement power stations shipped piece by piece from someplace that wasn’t affected and transported to every power station site and built. If you live in a major population center (which may not be the current major population centers, of course) and survive the first few years, you just might see the lights go on again in your lifetime. But you’ll probably never just walk into a room and flick a light switch again.

  • HammerNH

    One modest weapon, detonated about 250-300 miles above St. Louis would generate the EMP needed to destroy nearly all unprotected electronic/electrical devices in North America.
    The Grid, pumps, generators, refrigeration, cars, computers, TVs etc etc etc – useless.
    No direct deaths, just 1860 without the primitive infrastructure (horses, wagons, hand tools/skills etc)

    Iran is (as I understand it) only working on 2 things militarily – rockets and nukes.
    The detonation is essentailly a math problem – lift, thrust, angle, flying time.

    Of course, we have B. Hussein Obama as our Lord and protector, so no worries.

    • http://www.cavalierx.com CavalierX

      “No direct deaths, just 1860 without the primitive infrastructure (horses, wagons, hand tools/skills etc) ”

      Except that the technology of the 1860s was capable of feeding, housing and clothing the population of the 1860s. Starvation and disease would cut through our current population like a pair of scythes — and that’s just “natural” deaths.

      • http://www.patriotpost.com bthewolf

        Those would be indirect deaths, caused by the after effects of an EMP. But there maybe some direct deaths anyone on life support or with an implanted defibrillator would most likely die.

        • HammerNH

          You are both correct – I was trying to point out that blast deaths would not occur. Pain, suffering, famine, disease etc would be close behind.

          • Anonymous

            basically, see ya later NYC…Manhattan would be a ghost town within a week.

        • Anonymous

          Diabetics wouldn’t last long.

  • Han Solo

    Ham Radio

    The same things that all us ham radio operators do for the lightning protection we have to put in will also provide EMP protection.

    Lightning is for all purposes a localized EMP/RF surge and from studies and tests done that I have seen, the devices and the techniques that ham operators typically use for protection from lightning will also provide good protection from EMP effects.

    So, if an EMP happens find your nearest ham radio operator if you want to get some messages out.

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=1577954085 Ronald Reagan

    Story of the day!

    Body Scanner Operator Caught Masturbating at Colorado Airport

    http://conservativeblogscentral.blogspot.com/2010/11/body-scanner-operator-caught.html

  • kingofsiam

    Duh. Neither is anyone else. When it comes to nukes or EMP *everyone* is ****ed.

  • fail-baby-fail

    I just read this book called protectors war. A bright flash of light and everything in the world that used electricity stopped working. Plus gun powder stopped working. The world was forced back into sword warfare. 6-7 books in the series it starts with day one and you follow the world over 20-30 years. I liked it, starting book 2 now.

    S.M Sterling is the author if memory serves.

    • Anonymous

      …EMP would not stop gun powder from working.

      • Anonymous

        In the story it wasn’t an EMP, just a mysterious global event that caused all those things to stop working.

        They never really explain what it was, you just have to kind of take it on faith. Otherwise it’s an entertaining story that is probably a fairly accurate portrayal of how things would go should civilization suddenly collapse.

    • Don_cos

      Sounds interesting, I’ll check it out.

    • http://www.cavalierx.com CavalierX

      The first book in the series was “Dies the Fire.” Good writing, excellent story. Once in a while he tends to show a Liberal point of view, though.

    • Anonymous

      yes that’s S.M. Sterling he loves the writing the alt history books…

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